Check output routing and mute state first, because the device may be working but sending sound somewhere else.
Check output routing first
Make sure sound is going to the device you actually want to hear.
Test another app or file
That tells you whether the problem is global or tied to one service.
Disconnect conflicting devices
Bluetooth speakers, headsets, and docks can quietly steal the audio path.
Update driver or permissions
Low volume and missing sound can come from driver or app access issues.
Reconnect and retest
Give the device one clean reconnect after the routing path is fixed.
- The device fails on more than one port or app
- The problem survives restart, reconnect, and update checks
- There is visible hardware damage or moisture history
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